The research results of interrelation property–structure for n-aliphatic alcohols (C₁–C₁₀, in some cases C₁–C₁₈) with some physical (density, boiling temperature), rheological (freezing point, dynamic viscosity) and colloid-chemical (surface tension, minimal surface tension, surface pressure) properties are given. The analytical forms for investigated correlative interdependence are submitted. It is substantiated that correlative interdependence property–structure for physical quantity carries monofunctional nature, but for the rheological and colloid-chemical parameters  – polyfunctional nature. The perspectives of research results for solving some ecological and technological problems of petroleum production are noted. From this viewpoint the use of С₅–С₈ alcohols as subsidiary surfactants for purifying water from petrol layers is considered to be preferred