Microstructural optimization of nanostructured coatings is essential for improving the performance of biomedical implant materials. In this research, polypropylene (PP) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) surgical meshes were modified with bentonite-based nanocomposites containing silver nanoparticles, levofloxacin, and propolis to create multifunctional antibacterial surfaces.  High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to do a detailed morphological characterization.  SEM analysis showed that the coatings were uniform and continuous, with more roughness on the surface and interconnected pores. This made it easier for drugs to be loaded and stopped bacteria from growing.  TEM observations showed that bioactive agents were successfully embedded in bentonite nanosheets, which had nanostructures that ranged in size from 50 to 200 nm and didn't clump together very much.  Complementary X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy validated the structural integrity and efficient incorporation of the functional components.  The relationship between nanoscale surface architecture and antimicrobial performance, as demonstrated in prior research, emphasizes the essential function of microstructural control in enhancing the therapeutic effectiveness and longevity of coated surgical meshes.  This work underscores the importance of nanoscale engineering techniques in the creation of sophisticated antibacterial biomaterials for clinical use.

doi.org/10.32737/0005-2531-2026-1-101-110