Studies devoted to the eco-friendly disposal of hazardous chloro-substituted toluenes (CT) through oxidation in the presence of oxovanadium catalysts (OVC) are reviewed. The common feature of having one or more covalent bound chlorine atoms, these compounds show a complex diversity of behavior that is primarily characterized by their aromatic character and the presence of other functional groups. Nevertheless, the introduction of chlorine atom(s) into desired products significantly influences its physicochemical and biochemical properties. These properties have pushed the chloro-hydrocarbon chemistry into the focus of considerable debate and research topic. The oxidation rate and direction determined by the temperature (300–4000C), proportions between the reagents (1:1–1:15 mol/L), bond dissociation energies, the effects of active components of catalyst and contact time.